f k; n g
Abstract
In order to determine the effects of deficit irrigation on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of wheat cv. Hamoon, an experiment was conducted with two irrigation treatments including closed-end border with cut back and corrugation method (as the main plots) and three amounts of irrigation ...
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In order to determine the effects of deficit irrigation on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of wheat cv. Hamoon, an experiment was conducted with two irrigation treatments including closed-end border with cut back and corrugation method (as the main plots) and three amounts of irrigation treatments (in subplots) including full irrigation (T1), 75% of full irrigation (T2), and 55% of full irrigation (T3). The experimental design was a randomized complete block in a split plot arrangement in three replicates and was conducted at Zabol Research Station for 2 years. The measured parameters included height of plant and spike, number of seeds per spike, number of spikes per m2, weight of 1000 seeds, biological yield, seed yield, and water use efficiency. Results showed that irrigation methods did not have any significant effect on the abovementioned characters, but amount of irrigation treatment had significant effect on growth factors of plant. The mean of water use in full irrigation (T1), T2, and T3 were 4473, 3505, and 2730 m3/ha, respectively, and water use efficiency was obtained in the range of 0.95- 1.17 kg/m3. In general, the treatment of 75% of full irrigation in border method with water use efficiency of 1.15 kg/m3 and yield of 4040 kg/ha is recommended for deficit irrigation in Sistan region.
n g; f k
Abstract
More than 90 percent of Iranian pistachio orchards are irrigated using surface methods, thus, changing or improvement of irrigation systems is necessary considering the declining water resources. The present research was carried out to investigation the effect of changing irrigation system from surface ...
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More than 90 percent of Iranian pistachio orchards are irrigated using surface methods, thus, changing or improvement of irrigation systems is necessary considering the declining water resources. The present research was carried out to investigation the effect of changing irrigation system from surface to drip on mature pistachio orchards (cultivar Ahmad Aghaei) in 2013 and 2014 in Zarandiye region of Saveh, Iran. The experiment was performed as factorial in a completely randomized block design (CRBD) with irrigation methods (surface and drip irrigation) and years of the experiment implementation as the second level variable, in three replications. Some quantitative and qualitative parameters of pistachio yield as well as growth of annual branch and water use efficiency were measured during the experiment. The results showed that irrigation system change of mature pistachio trees from surface to drip was possible. Irrigation system change was significant in dry yield, number of seed in ounce, percent of blankness, growth of annual branch, leaf area, and the 100 seed weight of pistachio at P ≤ 0.05. In the first year experiment, a reduction in performance and quality of yield was observed in drip irrigation compared to surface irrigation, but, in the second year, enhancing of performance and improvement in quality of pistachio in drip irrigation in comparison to surface irrigation showed adaptability of pistachio trees to change of irrigation system. The 2-year means of dry yield, water consumption, and the amount of water use efficiency in surface and drip methods were obtained at 739 and 927 kg per ha, 6375 and 4110 m3 per ha, and 125 and 190 g of dry yield per m3 of water, respectively. Because of alternative bearing, it is recommended to perform these tests for four successive years, so that the results would be more reliable for recommendation purposes.